英倫牙醫診所

「Background and Clinical Significance: Dental implants are widely used; however, tooth extraction often results in alveolar bone loss and gingival recession, necessitating bone and connective tissue reconstruction, especially in the esthetic anterior regions.」

「Between 2004 and 2019, 29.3% (1564 of 5229) of teeth replaced by dental implants at UNC School of Dentistry had undergone root canal treatment, with the mandibular first molar being the most commonly replaced tooth.」

「Being compared with dental implantation, this procedure is more preferable as a grafted tooth functions as a normal one.」

「In total, 38 patients requiring both tooth extraction (for endodontic or periodontal reasons or third molar extraction) and alveolar bone regeneration for dental implant placement were included.」

「Following 12 months of orthodontic treatment, the tooth was successfully moved occlusally in conjunction with an 8 mm vertical interdental bone augmentation.」

「Several treatment modalities have been proposed to restore the function and aesthetics in teeth with advanced periodontal disease.」

「Approaching bone defects of jaws treatments, hard and soft tissue augmentation could be considered as a goal for clinicians when performing dental implant placement.」

「The aim of the study is to report clinical outcomes of autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT) of fully developed third molars following the extraction of periodontally hopeless teeth as a part of the treatment of a stage III, grade C, molar-incisor pattern (MIP) periodontitis case.」

「Tooth extraction itself and, more importantly, possible local comorbidities such as periodontal or endodontic diseases, cause a reduction in the gingival volume of the edentulous site due to bone atrophy.」

「Dental implant system-assisted IR can effectively preserve "drifted" natural PHT in patients with stage III/IV periodontitis.」

「Background and Clinical Significance: Dental implants are widely used; however, tooth extraction often results in alveolar bone loss and gingival recession, necessitating bone and connective tissue reconstruction, especially in the esthetic anterior regions.」

「Between 2004 and 2019, 29.3% (1564 of 5229) of teeth replaced by dental implants at UNC School of Dentistry had undergone root canal treatment, with the mandibular first molar being the most commonly replaced tooth.」

「Being compared with dental implantation, this procedure is more preferable as a grafted tooth functions as a normal one.」

「In total, 38 patients requiring both tooth extraction (for endodontic or periodontal reasons or third molar extraction) and alveolar bone regeneration for dental implant placement were included.」

「Following 12 months of orthodontic treatment, the tooth was successfully moved occlusally in conjunction with an 8 mm vertical interdental bone augmentation.」

「Several treatment modalities have been proposed to restore the function and aesthetics in teeth with advanced periodontal disease.」

「Approaching bone defects of jaws treatments, hard and soft tissue augmentation could be considered as a goal for clinicians when performing dental implant placement.」

「Tooth extraction itself and, more importantly, possible local comorbidities such as periodontal or endodontic diseases, cause a reduction in the gingival volume of the edentulous site due to bone atrophy.」

「The aim of the study is to report clinical outcomes of autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT) of fully developed third molars following the extraction of periodontally hopeless teeth as a part of the treatment of a stage III, grade C, molar-incisor pattern (MIP) periodontitis case.」

「Reasons for extraction were recorded as follows: caries, periodontal disease, endodontic treatment complications, orthodontic treatment, impactions, trauma, pre-prosthetic, and others (esthetic reasons, tooth malposition, or unspecified reasons).」

「Background and Clinical Significance: Dental implants are widely used; however, tooth extraction often results in alveolar bone loss and gingival recession, necessitating bone and connective tissue reconstruction, especially in the esthetic anterior regions.」

「Between 2004 and 2019, 29.3% (1564 of 5229) of teeth replaced by dental implants at UNC School of Dentistry had undergone root canal treatment, with the mandibular first molar being the most commonly replaced tooth.」

「In total, 38 patients requiring both tooth extraction (for endodontic or periodontal reasons or third molar extraction) and alveolar bone regeneration for dental implant placement were included.」

「Being compared with dental implantation, this procedure is more preferable as a grafted tooth functions as a normal one.」

「Approaching bone defects of jaws treatments, hard and soft tissue augmentation could be considered as a goal for clinicians when performing dental implant placement.」

「Following 12 months of orthodontic treatment, the tooth was successfully moved occlusally in conjunction with an 8 mm vertical interdental bone augmentation.」

「Several treatment modalities have been proposed to restore the function and aesthetics in teeth with advanced periodontal disease.」

「Dental implant system-assisted IR can effectively preserve "drifted" natural PHT in patients with stage III/IV periodontitis.」

「The aim of the study is to report clinical outcomes of autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT) of fully developed third molars following the extraction of periodontally hopeless teeth as a part of the treatment of a stage III, grade C, molar-incisor pattern (MIP) periodontitis case.」

「Patients were excluded if they met any of the following criteria: poor oral hygiene, inadequate mesio-distal space for implant placement, presence of periodontal disease, smoking, an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score of ≥II, or a vertical bony defect of less than 5 mm in the labial socket wall after tooth extraction.」

「Background and Clinical Significance: Dental implants are widely used; however, tooth extraction often results in alveolar bone loss and gingival recession, necessitating bone and connective tissue reconstruction, especially in the esthetic anterior regions.」

「Between 2004 and 2019, 29.3% (1564 of 5229) of teeth replaced by dental implants at UNC School of Dentistry had undergone root canal treatment, with the mandibular first molar being the most commonly replaced tooth.」

「Being compared with dental implantation, this procedure is more preferable as a grafted tooth functions as a normal one.」

「In total, 38 patients requiring both tooth extraction (for endodontic or periodontal reasons or third molar extraction) and alveolar bone regeneration for dental implant placement were included.」

「Following 12 months of orthodontic treatment, the tooth was successfully moved occlusally in conjunction with an 8 mm vertical interdental bone augmentation.」

「Several treatment modalities have been proposed to restore the function and aesthetics in teeth with advanced periodontal disease.」

「Approaching bone defects of jaws treatments, hard and soft tissue augmentation could be considered as a goal for clinicians when performing dental implant placement.」

「Tooth extraction itself and, more importantly, possible local comorbidities such as periodontal or endodontic diseases, cause a reduction in the gingival volume of the edentulous site due to bone atrophy.」

「The aim of the study is to report clinical outcomes of autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT) of fully developed third molars following the extraction of periodontally hopeless teeth as a part of the treatment of a stage III, grade C, molar-incisor pattern (MIP) periodontitis case.」

「Dental implant system-assisted IR can effectively preserve "drifted" natural PHT in patients with stage III/IV periodontitis.」

「The data of 88 patients with single dental implant in mandibular posterior region who were treated for dentition defect from January 2020 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 44 patients with bone level implant repair(control group) and 44 patients with orthodontic treatment combined bone level implant repair (experimental group).」

「A dental implant is a surgical fixture that forms an interface with the jaw bone to support dental prostheses, including crowns, bridges, dentures, and facial prostheses; it can also act as an orthodontic anchor.」

「The mobile maxillary incisors were consequently extracted and were replaced with dental implants.」

「Patients : A total of 39 individuals of both genders, with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, who received secondary alveolar bone graft and were rehabilitated with single implant-supported dentures at the area of the missing maxillary lateral incisor after completion of orthodontic treatment.」

「As such, radiologists must be familiar with implant design and surgical placement, as well as augmentation procedures utilized in those patients with insufficient bone in the maxilla and mandible to support dental implants.」

「Dentists providing implant dental treatment need to fully appreciate the legal and clinical issues that are relevant to implant dentistry.」

「If the orthodontic treatment is not possible, in order to replace the missing tooth there are three possibilities: adhesive bridgework, tooth transplantation and implants.」

「Additional orthodontic treatment increased these spaces to approximately 6 mm, the minimum required for implant placement if risk of damage to the adjacent teeth due to inaccuracies in directionality of drilling is to be avoided.」

「After 36 months of active orthodontic treatment, an acceptable occlusion was achieved, both functionally and esthetically, with the 3 dental implants.」

「Application of Mini-dental Implants.」

「Patients : A total of 39 individuals of both genders, with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, who received secondary alveolar bone graft and were rehabilitated with single implant-supported dentures at the area of the missing maxillary lateral incisor after completion of orthodontic treatment.」

「The surgical procedure included a papilla preservation flap, immediate implant placement, and bone grafting to prevent peri-implant resorption and achieve an optimal emergence profile.」

「Dental implant has the role of holding dental prosthesis, prevents pronounced bone atrophy and loads the augmentation material in the cleft area.」

「Custom pressable metal ceramic abutments can effectively improve the aesthetic appearance of the implant denture in maxillary anterior zone.」

「After bone graft consolidation, 4 or 5 dental implants were placed, most of the implants used were longer than 11.5 mm.」

「The present case is the first example of bone augmentation using autogenous calvarium parietal graft followed by endosseous implant placement and prosthetic restoration in a PLS patient.」

「The MEDLINE database was searched (via PubMed) with the following keywords: (bone grafting OR alveolar ridge augmentation OR bone graft augmentation OR guided bone regeneration OR bone block) AND (dental implants OR dental implant OR oral implantology) AND (antibiotic prophylaxis OR antibiotics).」

「Ceramic and metal-ceramic implant-supported single crowns were compared in terms of the survival rate (OR=0.84 [0.32, 2.23], P=.730), marginal adaptation (mean difference [MD]=0.33 [0.19, 0.47], P<.001), marginal bone loss (MD=-0.03 [-0.07, 0.02], P=.260), pocket probing depth (MD=-0.07 [-0.14, 0.00], P=.060), crown color match (MD=-0.15 [-0.29, 0.00], P=.040), and mucosal discoloration (standardized mean difference [SMD]=-0.14 [-0.86, 0.58], P=.710).」

「Contemporary dental implant therapy has flourished in recent years thanks in large part to advances made in bone augmentation capabilities.」

「Bone graft materials are more and more frequently used in dentistry for improving the periodontal support and for creating a bone support favorable for the insertion of dental implants.」

「The aesthetic appearance of the mouth region, in addition to the eye and nose area, is the impressive element for facial aesthetics.」

「Tooth loss significantly affects oral function and quality of life.」

「Four main dimensions, oral function, oro-facial pain, oro-facial appearance and psychosocial impact, are suggested to cover the concept of OHRQoL.」

「To restore intraoral function and improve facial appearance, plastic surgeons transplanted a rib into the maxillary sinus while dental surgeons simultaneously inserted 5 dental implants.」

「Among patients who wanted to improve one of their oral functions, the majority requested changes in aesthetics.」

「Dissatisfaction with tooth colour was associated with increased desire for tooth whitening and tooth coloured fillings (P < .05).」

「Edentulism conducts to a recognized impairment of oral function with both aesthetic and psychological changes.」

「A fixed interim prosthesis was planned to restore oral function, improve facial esthetics, and support psychosocial well-being.」

「Key advancements were noted in teeth whitening, veneers, implants, bonding, and gum contouring.」

「In addition to restoring oral function, stable aesthetic outcome has become the goal of oral implant therapy.」

「Background and Clinical Significance: Dental implants are widely used; however, tooth extraction often results in alveolar bone loss and gingival recession, necessitating bone and connective tissue reconstruction, especially in the esthetic anterior regions.」

「Between 2004 and 2019, 29.3% (1564 of 5229) of teeth replaced by dental implants at UNC School of Dentistry had undergone root canal treatment, with the mandibular first molar being the most commonly replaced tooth.」

「Being compared with dental implantation, this procedure is more preferable as a grafted tooth functions as a normal one.」

「In total, 38 patients requiring both tooth extraction (for endodontic or periodontal reasons or third molar extraction) and alveolar bone regeneration for dental implant placement were included.」

「Following 12 months of orthodontic treatment, the tooth was successfully moved occlusally in conjunction with an 8 mm vertical interdental bone augmentation.」

「Several treatment modalities have been proposed to restore the function and aesthetics in teeth with advanced periodontal disease.」

「Approaching bone defects of jaws treatments, hard and soft tissue augmentation could be considered as a goal for clinicians when performing dental implant placement.」

「The aim of the study is to report clinical outcomes of autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT) of fully developed third molars following the extraction of periodontally hopeless teeth as a part of the treatment of a stage III, grade C, molar-incisor pattern (MIP) periodontitis case.」

「Dental implant system-assisted IR can effectively preserve "drifted" natural PHT in patients with stage III/IV periodontitis.」

「Tooth extraction itself and, more importantly, possible local comorbidities such as periodontal or endodontic diseases, cause a reduction in the gingival volume of the edentulous site due to bone atrophy.」

「Dental implants restore function to near normal in partially or completely edentulous patients.」

「Dental implants are a common treatment for the loss of teeth.」

「Dental implants provide completely edentulous and partial edentulous patients the function and esthetics they had with natural dentition.」

「Dentists providing implant dental treatment need to fully appreciate the legal and clinical issues that are relevant to implant dentistry.」

「Systematic reviews of literature over the period between 2008 and 2017 are discussed regarding clinical evidence for the factors affecting survival and failure of dental implants.」

「Since 1970s, a lot of effort has been devoted toward the development of dental implants.」

「Many options exist to replace missing teeth but dental implants have become one of the most used biomaterial to replace one (or more) missing tooth over the last decades.」

「A dental implant is a medical device used to functionally and aesthetically rehabilitate the lack of one or more teeth, allowing the support of a prosthetic substitute through direct bone support [...].」

「Tooth loss is very a very common problem; therefore, the use of dental implants is also a common practice.」

「As well as reviewing the history of dental implants, this narrative review will discuss the merits and successful placement of tissue-level verses bone-level implants.」

「Background and Clinical Significance: Dental implants are widely used; however, tooth extraction often results in alveolar bone loss and gingival recession, necessitating bone and connective tissue reconstruction, especially in the esthetic anterior regions.」

「Between 2004 and 2019, 29.3% (1564 of 5229) of teeth replaced by dental implants at UNC School of Dentistry had undergone root canal treatment, with the mandibular first molar being the most commonly replaced tooth.」

「Being compared with dental implantation, this procedure is more preferable as a grafted tooth functions as a normal one.」

「In total, 38 patients requiring both tooth extraction (for endodontic or periodontal reasons or third molar extraction) and alveolar bone regeneration for dental implant placement were included.」

「Following 12 months of orthodontic treatment, the tooth was successfully moved occlusally in conjunction with an 8 mm vertical interdental bone augmentation.」

「Several treatment modalities have been proposed to restore the function and aesthetics in teeth with advanced periodontal disease.」

「Approaching bone defects of jaws treatments, hard and soft tissue augmentation could be considered as a goal for clinicians when performing dental implant placement.」

「The aim of the study is to report clinical outcomes of autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT) of fully developed third molars following the extraction of periodontally hopeless teeth as a part of the treatment of a stage III, grade C, molar-incisor pattern (MIP) periodontitis case.」

「Dental implant system-assisted IR can effectively preserve "drifted" natural PHT in patients with stage III/IV periodontitis.」

「Tooth extraction itself and, more importantly, possible local comorbidities such as periodontal or endodontic diseases, cause a reduction in the gingival volume of the edentulous site due to bone atrophy.」

「Key words:Bone grafting, dental implant, osseointegration, risk factor, survival rate, treatment outcome.」

「The parameters such as (i) success and survival of dental implants (ii) peri-implant clinical parameters after prosthetic loading at 1 year, 2 year and 3 year follow up (iii) resorption of alveolar ridge regenerated before placement of dental implants and after placement of dental implants were assessed.」

「A total of 40 patients requiring dental implant placement with bone augmentation were included in this prospective study.」

「The clinical outcomes of bone augmentation substances in immediate dental implant (IDI) placement are of interest to dentists.」

「Contemporary dental implant therapy has flourished in recent years thanks in large part to advances made in bone augmentation capabilities.」

「Bone graft materials are more and more frequently used in dentistry for improving the periodontal support and for creating a bone support favorable for the insertion of dental implants.」

「Bone augmentation procedures aim to regenerate the deficient alveolar ridge to properly place dental implants that are completely surrounded by bone.」

「The iliac crest is a frequently used donor location in oral and maxillofacial procedures for bone augmentation in order to restore jaw deformities brought on by trauma or pathological diseases prior to the placement of dental implants.」

「Bone augmentation is a necessity for atrophied alveolar ridge prior to dental implant placement.」

「The review includes articles in English, clinical studies in humans who underwent bone augmentation prior to or during dental implantation using an autogenous teeth tissues substitute.」

「Background and Clinical Significance: Dental implants are widely used; however, tooth extraction often results in alveolar bone loss and gingival recession, necessitating bone and connective tissue reconstruction, especially in the esthetic anterior regions.」

「Between 2004 and 2019, 29.3% (1564 of 5229) of teeth replaced by dental implants at UNC School of Dentistry had undergone root canal treatment, with the mandibular first molar being the most commonly replaced tooth.」

「Being compared with dental implantation, this procedure is more preferable as a grafted tooth functions as a normal one.」

「In total, 38 patients requiring both tooth extraction (for endodontic or periodontal reasons or third molar extraction) and alveolar bone regeneration for dental implant placement were included.」

「Following 12 months of orthodontic treatment, the tooth was successfully moved occlusally in conjunction with an 8 mm vertical interdental bone augmentation.」

「Approaching bone defects of jaws treatments, hard and soft tissue augmentation could be considered as a goal for clinicians when performing dental implant placement.」

「Several treatment modalities have been proposed to restore the function and aesthetics in teeth with advanced periodontal disease.」

「Tooth extraction itself and, more importantly, possible local comorbidities such as periodontal or endodontic diseases, cause a reduction in the gingival volume of the edentulous site due to bone atrophy.」

「The aim of the study is to report clinical outcomes of autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT) of fully developed third molars following the extraction of periodontally hopeless teeth as a part of the treatment of a stage III, grade C, molar-incisor pattern (MIP) periodontitis case.」

「Reasons for extraction were recorded as follows: caries, periodontal disease, endodontic treatment complications, orthodontic treatment, impactions, trauma, pre-prosthetic, and others (esthetic reasons, tooth malposition, or unspecified reasons).」

「This volume of Periodontology 2000 provides the most current information on the state of the science and the evidence base supporting a preventive perspective for the management of periodontal disease, including evidence for proven interventions as well as cutting-edge ideas for potential future interventions.」

「Key messages included: (i) an appropriate periodontal diagnosis is needed before submission of individuals to professional preventive measures and determines the selection of the type of preventive care; (ii) preventive measures are not sufficient for treatment of periodontitis; (iii) repeated and individualized oral hygiene instruction and professional mechanical plaque (and calculus) removal are important components of preventive programs; (iv) behavioural interventions to improve individual oral hygiene need to set specific Goals, incorporate Planning and Self monitoring (GPS approach); (v) brief interventions for risk factor control are key components of primary and secondary periodontal prevention; (vi) the Ask, Advise, Refer (AAR) approach is the minimum standard to be used in dental settings for all subjects consuming tobacco; (vii) validated periodontal risk assessment tools stratify patients in terms of risk of disease progression and tooth loss.」

「While mechanical plaque removal remains the bedrock of successful periodontal disease management, in high-risk patients it appears that the critical threshold for plaque accumulation to trigger periodontitis is low, and such patients may benefit from adjunctive agents for primary prevention of periodontitis.」

「Type 2 diabetic individuals with severe form of periodontal disease have 3.2 times greater mortality risk compared with individuals with no or mild periodontitis.」

「Identification of these risk factors helps to target patients for prevention and treatment, with modification of risk factors critical to the control of periodontal disease.」

「The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has as one of its strategic goals to support and improve surveillance of periodontal disease.」

「As periodontal diseases are widespread, effective hygiene is vital.」

「Periodontal diseases (PDs) pose a significant challenge to dental health, leading to a growing interest in probiotics as potential therapeutic and prophylactic agents.」

「Periodontal diseases, particularly periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gums and supporting tissues of teeth, have far-reaching implications beyond the oral cavity.」

「Periodontal screening plays an important role in the prevention of periodontal disease and promotes an improvement in oral health-related quality of life.」

「To provide a reference basis for clinical selection of a reasonable and effective root canal treatment by comparing the short-term clinical efficacy of three root canal filling methods in the treatment of chronic periapical inflammation.」

「Endodontic treatment aims to eradicate both microbial infection and inflammatory processes within the root canal space as well as in the periapical (PA) region of the tooth.」

「Background Considering the importance of irrigation in dental root canal treatment, there is an urgent need to find a risk-free bioactive and antibacterial endodontic solution.」

「Furthermore, convincing evidence supports that successful root canal treatment has a beneficial impact on systemic health by reducing the inflammatory burden, thereby dismissing the misconceptions of focal infection theory.」

「Root canal treatment will not always be required as some cases can be managed conservatively.」

「In conclusion, if root canal treatment failure due to leakage through cracks, fractures or restoration margin are excluded, the remaining cases may represent localized residual infection and inflammation at the periapex that should be amenable to predictable management with the aid of modern root-end surgery.」

「During the healing of the radicular cyst, the infected tooth should be treated by extraction or root canal treatment completed by surgical intervention.」

「Unfinished root canal treatment (RCT) was the major risk factor for hospitalisation in 16 (27 %) of the 60 cases (p = .0065).」

「Patient 1 underwent root canal treatment on teeth 21 and 43 over a 3-year period.」

「The aim of root canal treatment is to preserve healthy periapical tissues or to provide healing of them in restorable teeth, which have sufficient periodontal support.」

「This study aimed to analyze the clinical application and prognosis of minimally invasive tooth extraction techniques for maxillary third molars.」

「Background/Objective: This study aimed to develop an AI-supported clinical tool to evaluate the difficulty of mandibular third molar extractions based on panoramic radiographs.」

「Molars were the most frequently extracted teeth, and apart from third molars, more extractions were performed in female patients than in male patients, with the difference being <20%.」

「The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of platysma exercises applied after lower third molar tooth extraction on edema, while observing the differences in pain and trismus.」

「At least 10 lower impacted third molar extractions performed by postgraduate students with experience in tooth extractions are required to improve the operative time.」

「Background: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the clinical efficacy, benefits, and limitations of piezosurgery in tooth extractions compared to conventional methods.」

「A 27-year-old Chinese female presented with progressive buccal swelling and abnormal sensations 3 months after extraction of the mandibular right third molar (tooth 48).」

「To construct a novel portable tooth sectioning guide to improve the accuracy of mandibular third molar extraction.」

「Wrong-site tooth extraction (WSTE) is the most common serious patient safety incident in dentistry.」

「Exploring the application of minimally invasive techniques in the extraction of impacted mandibular third molar (IMTM), to achieve the treatment goal of "less trauma, short time, fast recovery", remains the focus of dentists.」

「Gingival recession and periodontal pockets are the results of the gradual deterioration of the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament caused by periodontitis, which is caused by inflammation of the tissues supporting the tooth.」

「Periodontitis is an infection of the periodontium caused by a group of specific microorganisms, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone.Initial treatment for periodontitis is mechanical scaling and root planing, but this does not cause sufficient reduction of the bacterial load due to lack of accessibility to microorganisms.」

「In contrast, Case 2 presented with few clinical signs of gingival inflammation, but was treated with azithromycin prescribed within a day of scaling and root planing.」

「Although current treatments (local antibiotics and scaling and root planing procedures) target the bacterial dysbiosis, they do not address the underlying inflammatory imbalance in the periodontium.」

「Vaccination may be a useful adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of P. gingivalis-mediated chronic periodontitis.」

「Adjunctive use of antimicrobials with scaling and root planing (SRP) is necessary to better eradicate dental biofilm.」

「Initial periodontal therapy consisting of plaque control, scaling and root planing, and tooth extraction was subsequently performed based on a clinical diagnosis of severe chronic periodontitis.」

「Based on a clinical diagnosis of severe chronic periodontitis, initial periodontal therapy consisting of plaque control, scaling and root planing, and removal of an ill-fitting prosthesis was performed.」

「The management of pathological conditions of the periodontium is mainly based solely upon infection control via the reestablishment of oral hygiene, scaling and root planing to control inflammation which stops progressive bone loss.」

「Based on a clinical diagnosis of chronic periodontitis with gingival fenestration, initial periodontal therapy comprised plaque control and scaling and root planing.」

「Dental root canal treatment is required when dental caries progress to infection of the dental pulp.」

「Endodontic treatment eradicates pulpal infections, with the effectiveness of treatment heavily dependent on microbial reduction.」

「Dental caries, pulpal necrosis, trauma, and periodontal diseases can result in dental infections which could have severe consequences that affect both soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity.」

「Clinical concerns are primarily related to achieving adequate levels of disinfection as 'aggressive' instrumentation is contraindicated and hence there exists a much greater reliance on endodontic irrigants and medicaments.」

「The aim of this study was to monitor nonsurgical and surgical root canal treatment (RCT) of teeth with primary and secondary infections and apical periodontitis (AP).」

「All other injuries should not have root canal treatment commenced as part of the emergency management, but they must be reviewed regularly to monitor the pulp for any adverse changes to its status, particularly pulp necrosis and infection of the root canal system.」

「Dental caries (DC)-induced pulp infections usually undergo the common endodontic treatment, root canal therapy (RCT).」

「Dental caries is the most common oral disease worldwide, and it is estimated to affect 2.3 billion people, with at least 530 million of them being schoolchildren with decayed primary teeth.」

「Regeneration endodontic treatments (RETs) have shown promising results by promoting continued root development by stem cells.」

「This paper reviews the research history on primary tooth root canal treatment and summarizes the progress on primary tooth root canal treatment, including anatomical morphology, root canal preparation, root canal disinfection, root canal filling, and application of antibiotics. 乳牙根管治疗是针对乳牙牙髓炎及乳牙根尖周炎的一种常规治疗方法，其过程包含完善的根管预备、根管消毒和根管充填，以去除感染，控制炎症，消除疼痛，防止对继承恒牙产生病理性影响，延长患牙的保存时间。本文通过回顾乳牙根管治疗的研究历史，总结了乳牙根管解剖学形态、根管预备、根管消毒、根管充填及抗生素应用等乳牙根管治疗相关方面研究的新进展。.」

「The authors assessed the effect of corticosteroids on acute postoperative pain in patients undergoing surgical tooth extractions of mandibular third molars.」

「Pain in the adjacent tooth after third molar extraction can be caused by inflammatory reactions and pressure on this tooth.」

「They investigated studies examining the efficacy and safety of any antibiotic regimen tested, independent of regimen used, versus a placebo, control, or no therapy, on outcomes in post third molar extraction.」

「This study aims to discuss the types of clinical management of pericoronitis of the lower third molar as described in the literatureTooth extraction eliminates the source of inflammation, providing long-term relief but carries a higher risk of inferior alveolar nerve damage and greater postoperative discomfort compared to other methods.This minimally invasive procedure removes the gingival cap to prevent food and bacteria accumulation.」

「Common postoperative complications associated with third molar extraction are alveolitis (0.5e32.5%), infection (0.9e4.2%), postoperative bleeding (0.2e1.5%), transient dysfunction of the inferior alveolar nerve (0.6e5.5%), and permanent dysfunction of the inferior alveolar nerve (0.1e0.9%).」

「The aim of this study was to explore inflammation of soft tissue around the upper third molar as a prevalent cause of limited mouth opening, identify the clinical and radiographic features, and summarize the therapeutic effectiveness of tooth extraction.」

「Intra-alveolar simvastatin post-tooth extraction has been to be shown to be effective and safe for preserving alveolar bone, with varied concentrations and carriers, with no significant adverse effects.」

「To evaluate clinically and radiographically, in humans, the healing of maxillary third molars postextraction sockets after application of different ridge preservation techniques 3 months after tooth extraction.」

「Alveolar osteitis is a type of small-scale osteomyelitis of the alveolar bone that occurs after tooth extraction, the etiology of which remains unknown, and alternative methods are being investigated for its treatment.」

「Alveolar osteitis (AO) is one of the most commonly encountered complication following tooth extraction, however, to date there is no standard methods of prevention and treatment.」