博格牙醫診所

「Between 2004 and 2019, 29.3% (1564 of 5229) of teeth replaced by dental implants at UNC School of Dentistry had undergone root canal treatment, with the mandibular first molar being the most commonly replaced tooth.」

「Although clear aligners may limit axial tooth movement, OE remains a minimally invasive, cost-effective alternative in both restorative and implant dentistry.」

「Orthodontic treatment does not aggravate or hasten the progression of aggressive periodontitis.」

「The optional treatment plan for this kind of teeth includes retention after periodontal treatment, extraction and implant treatment, extraction and prosthodontic treatment and so on.」

「Periodontal, orthodontic, and prosthodontic treatments are extremely useful to improve function and stable periodontal tissue for generalized periodontitis.」

「Other applications of bioactive glasses in dentistry include their usage in periodontal disease, root canal treatments, maxillofacial surgeries, dental restorations, air abrasions, dental adhesives, enamel remineralization, and dentin hypersensitivity.」

「The current English literature dealing with "cost-effectiveness" of dental implant therapy versus different alternative treatment modalities, that is, complete and fixed partial dentures, root canal, and periodontal treatment, has been included in this narrative review.」

「Two autotransplantations, one dental implant, and multiple prostheses were used to accomplish a satisfactory full mouth rehabilitation with an interdisciplinary approach, including orthodontics, periodontics, endodontics, prosthodontics, and implantology.」

「This study surveyed the preferences of Ontario, Canada dentists for teeth with apical periodontitis when selecting between retention via root canal treatment (RCT) and extraction without replacement, or replacement with implant-supported crowns (ISC), fixed, or removable partial prostheses.」

「Dental implants are regularly placed in patients with a history of periodontitis, even though peri-implant tissues are susceptible to the same host-modulated plaque-induced factors that initiate and sustain periodontitis.」

「A patient who is interested in replacing missing teeth may be a candidate for dentures, implants, or a combination of these.」

「While dental implants are increasingly becoming the choice of replacement for missing teeth, the impediments associated with them are progressively emerging too.」

「Outcomes were complete tooth loss, inadequate dentition, average number of missing teeth, denture wearing and implants.」

「In part 2 of this series, we look at the clinician's role in replacing multiple missing teeth and the associated soft tissues and bone, following severe forms of trauma.」

「In general dental practice, the use of implants is focused mostly on prosthodontic issues.」

「The aim of this study was to assess patient-reported outcomes (PROs) 8 years after dental implant rehabilitation in a sample with tooth loss due to periodontitis (TLP) and a sample with missing teeth for other reasons (MTOR).」

「Dental implants provide a durable solution for missing teeth and improve mastication, speech, and quality of life (QoL).」

「The use of implant-supported fixed partial dentures to restore missing teeth in patients with ARS provides biological and mechanical advantages over conventional, fixed, or removable prosthodontics.」

「To assess the effect of prosthodontic treatment and management on oral function and oral-health-related patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in older adults with tooth loss.」

「Among patients receiving prosthetic treatment for missing teeth, 227 older patients (111 in the pre-dental implant group and 116 in the pre-bridge/denture group) who underwent a thorough examination of their oral function were included in this study.」

「A patient who is interested in replacing missing teeth may be a candidate for dentures, implants, or a combination of these.」

「The role of the total lower denture is not only to replace the missing teeth but also to provide the substitute for a range of supporting tissues which have diminished due to the process of resorption, to re-establish the original relations in the region ofjaw complex, to support the surrounding soft tissues which have lost their natural support, and, moreover, to be unobtrusive and discrete substitution of lost functions.」

「Eleven months after the dental implant surgery, a complete upper denture and a mandibular gingival ceramometal-casting crown were fitted.」

「In part 2 of this series, we look at the clinician's role in replacing multiple missing teeth and the associated soft tissues and bone, following severe forms of trauma.」

「Primary: to compare the clinical effects of different root-formed osseointegrated dental implant types for replacing missing teeth for the following specific comparisons: implants with different surface preparations, but having similar shape and material; implants with different shapes, but having similar surface preparation and material; implants made of different materials, but having similar surface preparation and shape; different implant types differing in surface preparation, shape, material or a combination of these.Secondary: to compare turned and roughened dental implants for occurrence of early implant failure (before prosthetic loading) and occurrence of peri-implantitis.」

「Primary: to compare the clinical effects of different root-formed osseointegrated dental implant types for replacing missing teeth for the following specific comparisons: implants with different surface preparations, but having similar shape and material; implants with different shapes, but having similar surface preparation and material; implants made of different materials, but having similar surface preparation and shape; different implant types differing in surface preparation, shape, material or a combination of these.Secondary: to compare turned and roughened dental implants for occurrence of early implant failure (before prosthetic loading) and occurrence of peri-implantitis.」

「The patient underwent occlusal reconstruction treatment, she opted for implant restoration to address the missing teeth (implant restoration at teeth 24, 25, 36, 45, 46), and all-ceramic crowns placed on teeth 11-17, 21-23, 26-27, 35-44, 37, and 47.」

「The discovery of the phenomenon "osseointegration," or functional ankylosis, has led to the development of oral implants with high clinical performance.」

「Keywords used in the search were "dental implants" in combination with "navigation" and "virtual surgical planning." The causes of tooth loss, the anatomical conditions of the jaw, and possible treatment approaches for oral rehabilitation are diverse and require individual consideration depending on the individual patient situation.」

「Placement of an implant in the required prosthodontic position, surrounded by sufficient bone and gingiva guarantees a good aesthetic outcome.」

「To evaluate the clinical outcome of root canal treatment by obturation technique, root canal filling quality, and tooth- and patient-related variables.」

「Background Although Root Canal Treatment (RCT) is considered to be a painful procedure, it actually alleviates the pain of endodontic origin.」

「Orthodontic and endodontic treatments are commonly studied.」

「This focussed review aims to recount the OHRQoL of patients following nonsurgical root canal treatment and surgical endodontic treatment, with a specific focus on the minimal important difference (MID; the minimum score changes of an outcome instrument for a patient to register a clinically significant change in their OHRQoL and/or oral condition) and the methods used to determine it.」

「A conventional endodontic root canal treatment was performed, but several infectious episodes occurred, treated only with antibiotics.」

「Endodontic treatment of root canals or root canal treatment is a frequently performed dental procedure and is carried out on teeth in which irreversible pulpitis has led to necrosis (death) of the dental pulp (nerve).」

「The society recommends this guideline for stomatologists (clinicians) to use during endodontic treatment.」

「Root canal treatment is one of the most critical dental treatments that help to maintain teeth.」

「The presence of untreated additional canals was a predictor of endodontic failure within 5 years following initial root canal treatment.」

「Additionally, emerging treatment modalities such as three-dimensional guided endodontics and enhanced irrigation protocols have been explored.」

「Teeth with crowns had a lower AP rate, while retreatments due to periodontal disease or previous root canal failures showed higher AP rates (p < 0.001).」

「Included were studies of patients with permanent immature or mature teeth and pulp necrosis with or without signs of apical periodontitis (P) comparing ETE (I) with calcium hydroxide apexification, apical plug and root canal treatment (C) in terms of tooth survival, pain, tenderness, swelling, need for medication (analgesics and antibiotics), radiographic evidence of reduction in apical lesion size, radiographic evidence of normal periodontal ligament space, function (fracture and restoration longevity), the need for further intervention, adverse effects (including exacerbation, restoration integrity, allergy and discolouration), oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), presence of sinus tract and response to sensibility testing (O).」

「RPI can be treated by perfect root canal treatment of adjacent teeth, removal of inflammatory tissue, or simultaneous guided bone regeneration techniques. 目的： 回顾性分析逆行性种植体周炎的发病因素，并评估治疗效果，为临床预防和治疗逆行性种植体周炎提供依据。 方法： 回顾性收集2004年1月至2022年12月于温州医科大学附属第一医院口腔科行种植修复的2 731例缺牙患者资料（共4 016枚种植体），根据诊断标准，纳入逆行性种植体周炎患者20例（共23枚种植体），男性16例（18枚种植体），女性4例（5枚种植体）。收集患者诊疗记录、锥形束CT或曲面体层X线片以及口内照片等资料。对逆行性种植体周炎患者进行相应处理后定期随访，评估疗效。 结果： 20例逆行性种植体周炎患者治疗后随访13（6，40）个月（1个月~13年），处理后种植体存留率为91%（21/23）。静止型逆行性种植体周炎患者7例（共8枚种植体），无临床症状，种植体无松动，咬合负载正常，该类疾病处于静止状态，不作处理，种植体邻近天然牙牙髓活力检测正常，种植体可正常行使功能。活动型种植体周炎患者13例（共15枚种植体），1例（1枚种植体）未出现种植体松动，对邻近种植体的天然牙行根管治疗后，种植体根尖周阴影消失；另外12例（14枚种植体）出现种植体松动、溢脓等症状，其中10例（共12枚种植体）取出种植体后原位点种植或改种邻近位点，随访3~20个月，均种植成功，2例（2枚种植体）取出种植体后不再行种植修复。其中2枚活动型逆行性种植体周炎种植体根端出现囊性病变，与天然牙根尖囊肿相似。 结论： 逆行性种植体周炎的发生病因与邻牙根尖炎或牙槽骨炎性病变残留细菌和骨增量相关，可通过完善的邻牙根管治疗、消除炎症组织或同期行引导性骨再生术治疗逆行性种植体周炎。.」

「The mandibular second molar was believed to be hopeless due to a severe damage to coronal tooth structure, inappropriate root canal treatment and apical radiolucency.」

「Plaque control, scaling and root planing, extraction, temporary fixed restoration, occlusal adjustment, and root canal treatment were implemented.」

「Among clinical-related factors, endodontic treatment (P = .0082), root resection/ amputation (P < .0001), multi-rooted teeth (P = .0005), and abutment associated with parafunction (P < .0001) were associated with increased risk of abutment loss after 20 years.」

「The main reason for tooth loss was periodontal disease.」

「Two male patients, one 26-year old and another 12-year old, presented for retreatment of persistent apical periodontitis after root canal treatment of 2 mature teeth (#9 and #19).」

「As predicted by model one, the probability of absence of periapical lesion 2 years after endodontic treatment was 90% in pulpitis teeth with sever root-canal curvature and adequate root canal fillings, but 51% in teeth with apical periodontitis.」

「Preventing tooth loss is of utmost importance in maintaining optimal mastication, phonation, and aesthetics.」

「Clear aligner therapy has expanded substantially in mixed dentition, yet the boundaries of clinical predictability across indications, movement types, and growth stages remain incompletely defined.」

「To analyse through a systematic review the effectiveness of clear aligners by assessing: (a) predictability of clear aligners and (b) treatment outcome comparison of clear aligner therapy with fixed appliance therapy.」

「The content of the guidelines is based on monographs and literatures on the clear aligner orthodontic treatment in the past five years, and the clinical consensus of all the members of Expert Group for Writing Project of Clear Aligner Technology.」

「"Guidelines for clear aligner orthodontic treatment (2021)" proposes clinical treatment recommendations in terms of practitioner requirements, clinical risks, diagnosis, treatment plan, and common clinical strategies for the orthodontic clear aligners technology.」

「An internet search reveals at least 27 different clear aligner products currently on offer for orthodontic treatment.」

「Proper selection of cases and reasonable design in clear aligner treatment are expected to obtain tooth alignment, good intercuspation, normal overbite and overjet, periodontal health, parallel roots, and to achieve the goal of aesthetic, functional, stable, and healthy orthodontic treatment. 术者诊断设计不当、矫治技术应用失误、正畸治疗后的复发以及患者依从性较差无法配合矫治等原因可导致患者对矫治结果不满意，寻求二次矫治。此类患者通常已减数，或伴牙周、关节、牙体或缺牙等问题，常需多学科联合治疗，二次矫治难度较大，可选方案受限。无托槽隐形矫治舒适美观，具备数字化精准化程度高、可个性化排牙模拟矫治后终末状态等特点，使其在失败病例的二次矫治中具有一定优势。本文通过展示无托槽隐形矫治在二次矫治病例中的应用实例，对矫治设计和监控细节进行讨论和总结。建议医师在接诊前利用无托槽隐形矫治难度评估工具对患者情况进行评估，接诊自身诊疗能力范围内的病例，以获得满意的矫治疗效。无托槽隐形矫治技术治疗减数病例的成功关键在于诊断正确，选对病例。在方案设计上，二次矫治应注意前牙转矩的恢复，利用推磨牙向后获得间隙，做好垂直向控制，改善后牙咬合关系。在无托槽隐形矫治中正确选择、谨慎纳入、合理设计，有望在二次矫治的疑难病例中获得牙排列整齐、尖窝交错、覆(牙合)覆盖正常、牙周健康、牙根平行的矫治效果，达到美观、功能、稳定、健康的矫治目标。.」

「The study, based on the modified Delphi method, collected the opinion of experts, comparing it with the scientific literature to evaluate the potential and limitations of orthodontic aligners, obtaining 47 consensus statements related to biomechanics and extraclinical factors.」

「Clear aligner therapy (CAT) has rapidly evolved as a preferred orthodontic treatment option due to its aesthetic appeal, comfort, and removability.」

「The concept of using clear aligners as a means of achieving tooth movement has increased in popularity among both patients and clinicians alike.」

「Background and Objectives: Recent advances in dentistry include microbiological and metabolomic analyses, which have the potential to improve the understanding of oral microbiome-host imbalances during orthodontic treatment.」

「The effect of scaling and root planing (SRP) on the success of root canal-treated teeth with periodontal pockets is of interest.」

「The management of periodontal diseases has traditionally centered on mechanical debridement through scaling and root planing, a cornerstone of periodontal therapy.」

「This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the clinical outcomes of two therapies used in the management of periodontal conditions, represented by scaling and root planing (SRP) alone and laser-assisted new attachment procedure (LANAP).」

「The samples were divided into three groups: GROUP - A: only scaling and root planing (SRP), GROUP - B: SRP + 24% EDTA, GROUP - C: SRP + 0.2% hyaluronic acid.」

「Extensive reviews on the role of scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of periodontitis have been previously published.」

「Removal of this infected cementum via scaling and root planing (SRP) was considered essential for re-establishing periodontal health.」

「To evaluate the efficacy of scaling and root planing (SRP) with a periodontal endoscope in the treatment of residual pockets in patients with periodontitis after initial periodontal therapy.」

「The aim of this work is to assess the structural gingival changes in patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP), before and after scaling and root planing (SRP) by using fractal and multifractal analysis.」

「Systematic review and meta-analysis on the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root planing with or without adjuncts.」

「The need for scaling and root planing is mandatory step during the initial phase of therapy, as is self-care by the patient.」

「Statistical analysis revealed that wear was greater for denture teeth occluding with ceramic crowns and/or fixed partial dentures as antagonists.」

「Another complication of metal ceramic crowns with precision attachment is decementation of the crowns.」

「The 2014 cohort had overall higher grades and particularly higher grades for the all-ceramic crown preparations.」

「One study demonstrated that fully digitally produced dental crowns revealed the feasibility of the process itself; however, the marginal precision was lower for lithium disilicate (LS2) restorations (113.8 μm) compared to conventional metal-ceramic (92.4 μm) and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) crowns (68.5 μm) (p < 0.05).」

「The purpose of this clinical study was to assess the failure and complication incidence of tooth-supported ceramic crowns and FPDs in function for at least 5 years.」

「Areas such as dental oncology, dental sleep medicine, and sleep prosthodontics-along with a greater understanding of the oral/systemic link-are prompting dentists to integrate further into the healthcare community.」

「Survival rates of all-ceramic crowns differ by type of ceramic used, fabrication method and clinical indication.」

「On one of twoidentical tooth preparations, second-year students at one dental school fabricated a wax pattern for a full contour crown; on the second tooth preparation, the same students designed and fabricated an all-ceramic crown using computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technology.」

「Some patients need oral hygiene instructions only, whereas others need extensive dental treatment that includes composite restorations, metal ceramic crowns, all ceramic crowns, porcelain veneers.」

「Mechanical and electrochemical properties of SLM structures are enhanced compared to cast, while clinical longevity of single-metal ceramic crowns is comparable to Au-Pt dental alloy.」

「Fear of injections and dental anxiety are the major barriers to successful pediatric dental treatment.」

「Dental fear and anxiety are common issues affecting pediatric dental care, leading to challenges in treatment delivery and patient compliance.」

「Dental fear and anxiety can significantly hinder the treatment of children.」

「In this study, we utilized the standard Persian version of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) questionnaire and the Persian version of Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS) questionnaire to explore children's dental fear and anxiety problems, respectively.」

「Fear of dentists is a very big factor that discourages children from seeking dental services, and might even cause children to be nervous in general.」

「Children with dental anxiety may refuse treatment, which can lead to dental emergencies.」

「Background and Objectives: Accurate assessment of Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is crucial for effective management, yet the vast array of measurement tools presents a dilemma for clinicians and researchers in selecting appropriate methods.」

「Parents with high anxiety appeared to negatively affect their children's behavior.」

「Background: Dental fear and anxiety are highly prevalent in children, resulting in avoidance or incomplete dental treatment; sedation emerges as a possible behavioral management strategy.」

「When it comes to reducing children's fear, anxiety, and discomfort during dental procedures, substantial local anesthetic delivery promotes adequate intervention.」

「This study aimed to analyze the clinical application and prognosis of minimally invasive tooth extraction techniques for maxillary third molars.」

「Background/Objective: This study aimed to develop an AI-supported clinical tool to evaluate the difficulty of mandibular third molar extractions based on panoramic radiographs.」

「The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of platysma exercises applied after lower third molar tooth extraction on edema, while observing the differences in pain and trismus.」

「Molars were the most frequently extracted teeth, and apart from third molars, more extractions were performed in female patients than in male patients, with the difference being <20%.」

「At least 10 lower impacted third molar extractions performed by postgraduate students with experience in tooth extractions are required to improve the operative time.」

「Background: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the clinical efficacy, benefits, and limitations of piezosurgery in tooth extractions compared to conventional methods.」

「A 27-year-old Chinese female presented with progressive buccal swelling and abnormal sensations 3 months after extraction of the mandibular right third molar (tooth 48).」

「To construct a novel portable tooth sectioning guide to improve the accuracy of mandibular third molar extraction.」

「Exploring the application of minimally invasive techniques in the extraction of impacted mandibular third molar (IMTM), to achieve the treatment goal of "less trauma, short time, fast recovery", remains the focus of dentists.」

「To reduce the risk of IAN injury during the extraction of mandibular third molars, it is essential to have a detailed understanding of the relevant anatomical features and to plan the surgical procedure meticulously.」

「Implant mechanical complications, including screw loosening, can influence dental implant success.」

「Tooth loss is very a very common problem; therefore, the use of dental implants is also a common practice.」

「Dental implants restore function to near normal in partially or completely edentulous patients.」

「Dental implants are a common treatment for the loss of teeth.」

「Since 1970s, a lot of effort has been devoted toward the development of dental implants.」

「Dental implants provide completely edentulous and partial edentulous patients the function and esthetics they had with natural dentition.」

「Systematic reviews of literature over the period between 2008 and 2017 are discussed regarding clinical evidence for the factors affecting survival and failure of dental implants.」

「Dentists providing implant dental treatment need to fully appreciate the legal and clinical issues that are relevant to implant dentistry.」

「The mainstream use of dental implants has allowed millions of patients to benefit from the predictability of dental implant therapy and, in many instances, dental implants have become the standard of care.」

「Dental implants are used to anchor prosthetic teeth and represent the gold standard for replacing missing teeth.」

「Between 2004 and 2019, 29.3% (1564 of 5229) of teeth replaced by dental implants at UNC School of Dentistry had undergone root canal treatment, with the mandibular first molar being the most commonly replaced tooth.」

「Background/Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate practice patterns among pediatric dentists for the management of permanent teeth needing endodontic treatment.」

「Half of the teeth (49.2%) which needed orthodontic treatment had history of root canal treatment while 46% needed primary or secondary endodontic treatment.」

「The treatment of immature necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis presents challenges in endodontic and pediatric dentistry.」

「Orthodontic treatment in the mixed dentition period is associated with systematic professional control and by the age of 15 years results in two-fold reduction in the intensity of caries and periodontal disease, proper detection of poor hygiene and the lower prevalence of abnormal positioning of the teeth (crowding and misalignment of teeth) and the improvement of dental arches ratio (completely eliminating cross-bite).」

「Other applications of bioactive glasses in dentistry include their usage in periodontal disease, root canal treatments, maxillofacial surgeries, dental restorations, air abrasions, dental adhesives, enamel remineralization, and dentin hypersensitivity.」

「Other treatment options that aim to save compromised or diseased teeth such as endodontic treatment, periodontal treatment, intentional replantation, and autotransplantation should be considered on an individual basis.」

「Other treatment options that aim to save compromised or diseased teeth such as endodontic treatment, periodontal treatment, intentional replantation, and autotransplantation should be considered on an individual basis.」

「It may occur as a consequence of dental trauma, orthodontic treatment, and bleaching, and occasionally it accompanies periodontal disease.」

「Survival rates of all-ceramic crowns differ by type of ceramic used, fabrication method and clinical indication.」

「Endodontic treatment, involves removal of the dental pulp and its replacement by a root canal filling.」

「Precision in dentistry has been mainly driven by dental crown surface characteristics, but information on tooth root morphology and position is important for successful root canal preparation, pulp regeneration, planning of orthodontic movement, restorative and implant dentistry.」

「Most dentists prefer more conservative and aesthetic approaches, such as direct or indirect veneer restorations, instead of full-ceramic crowns for anteriors where aesthetics is really important.」

「The rehabilitation included all-ceramic crowns on anterior teeth and metal-ceramic crowns on posterior teeth following endodontic treatment and a crown-lengthening procedure for eliminating tooth sensitivity, improving the aesthetics and occlusion, and for restoring function.」

「Dental examination showed irreversible pulpitis of four maxillary incisors indicated for root canal treatment and crown placement.」

「Endodontic treatment involves removal of the dental pulp and its replacement by a root canal filling.」

「Conclusions: The high strength glass ceramic crowns are very effective and successful in treating the cracked teeth and then keep the good mastication function and appearance.」

「A typodont mandibular first molar (Nissin Dental Product) received a complete ceramic crown preparation and a reference crown.」

「To investigate failure loads of monolithic and veneered all-ceramic crowns after root canal treatment and to analyze marginal integrity of repair fillings.」

「High-power and low-power lasers are used in both nonsurgical and surgical therapies to treat periodontal and peri-implant diseases, oral mucosa conditions, and even cancer based on their specific properties.」

「Diode lasers are widely used for periodontal therapy and peri-implantitis management due to their antimicrobial properties, offering benef i ts like reduced bleeding and faster healing.」

「Results: This review is aimed at assessing the advantages and disadvantages of the use of lasers in dental procedures and pathologies, focusing more on protocols for the management of periodontal and peri-implant diseases.」

「All patients of the main and control groups were subjected to a comprehensive examination of the condition of the periodontal and peri-implant area prior to the implantation in the shortest time after surgery.」

「In this article, we reviewed the relevant articles on the laser applications in dental implantology and concluded that lasers provides promising solutions in the treatment technology of dental implants and in the treatment of soft and hard tissue conditions.」

「Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has broad applications in dentistry, enhancing patient outcomes through its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and biostimulatory effects.」

「By the application of laser-assisted non-surgical peri-implant therapy the periodontal pocket depth was reduced.」

「Although many case studies indicate extensive use of lasers and promising results in dental implantology, lasers may be used for uncovering submerged implants atraumatically to prevent crestal bone loss, recontouring periimplant soft tissues and sculpting emergence profile for prosthetic components, raising surgical flaps, osseous recontouring, and creating parabolic tissue architecture.」

「Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is considered as a recent technique in the dental field.」

「The findings underscore the transformative potential of lasers in improving dental treatment precision and patient outcomes while addressing the barriers to their widespread adoption, such as costs and training needs.」

「Between 2004 and 2019, 29.3% (1564 of 5229) of teeth replaced by dental implants at UNC School of Dentistry had undergone root canal treatment, with the mandibular first molar being the most commonly replaced tooth.」

「Reasons for extraction were recorded as follows: caries, periodontal disease, endodontic treatment complications, orthodontic treatment, impactions, trauma, pre-prosthetic, and others (esthetic reasons, tooth malposition, or unspecified reasons).」

「Autotransplantation of teeth is a considerable option for tooth replacement in adults who are to undergo orthodontic treatment.」

「Periodontal disease often results in severely bony defects around the teeth and leads to eventual extraction.」

「The current English literature dealing with "cost-effectiveness" of dental implant therapy versus different alternative treatment modalities, that is, complete and fixed partial dentures, root canal, and periodontal treatment, has been included in this narrative review.」

「In all cases, the combined treatment includes: care of visible wound, fixation of teeth, performance of surgical manipulations, determining of the need of endodontic treatment, restorations and orthodontic consultation.」

「Tooth extraction is indicated in cases such as chronic periodontal disease, abscess, root caries, root stumps, fractured teeth, and failed root canal treatments with the persistence of periapical cysts or granulomas, impacted teeth, or to facilitate orthodontic or prosthodontic rehabilitation.」

「In Case 2, a 48-year-old man presented with a maxillary left central incisor that had previously undergone root canal treatment and exhibited severe coronal dentin loss beneath an old crown.」

「The authors excluded from the study any teeth that served as abutments for removable partial dentures or overdentures, third molars and teeth undergoing active orthodontic endodontic therapy.」

「The aim of the study is to report clinical outcomes of autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT) of fully developed third molars following the extraction of periodontally hopeless teeth as a part of the treatment of a stage III, grade C, molar-incisor pattern (MIP) periodontitis case.」

「A patient who is interested in replacing missing teeth may be a candidate for dentures, implants, or a combination of these.」

「The role of the total lower denture is not only to replace the missing teeth but also to provide the substitute for a range of supporting tissues which have diminished due to the process of resorption, to re-establish the original relations in the region ofjaw complex, to support the surrounding soft tissues which have lost their natural support, and, moreover, to be unobtrusive and discrete substitution of lost functions.」

「In part 2 of this series, we look at the clinician's role in replacing multiple missing teeth and the associated soft tissues and bone, following severe forms of trauma.」

「Eleven months after the dental implant surgery, a complete upper denture and a mandibular gingival ceramometal-casting crown were fitted.」

「Dental implants have revolutionized contemporary dentistry by providing durable, esthetic, and functional solutions for tooth replacement.」

「The patient underwent occlusal reconstruction treatment, she opted for implant restoration to address the missing teeth (implant restoration at teeth 24, 25, 36, 45, 46), and all-ceramic crowns placed on teeth 11-17, 21-23, 26-27, 35-44, 37, and 47.」

「Dental implants provide a durable solution for missing teeth and improve mastication, speech, and quality of life (QoL).」

「Various treatment approaches for restoring missing teeth are being utilized nowadays by using artificial dental crowns/bridges or the use of dental implants.」

「Dental implants are widely used as a long-term treatment solution for missing teeth.」

「Conclusion Dental implant therapy can be very well utilized for the replacement of single missing teeth.」

「The aims of this study were to evaluate the sensitivity of the ATP detection method and the specificity of this assay for viable cells and to compare the ATP and culture methods from root canal samples of patients undergoing endodontic treatment.」

「Even the best executed endodontic treatment can fail, when the infection is resistant to treatment or when it is located in inaccessible areas, such as the external surface of the root apex.」

「Endodontic treatment is one of the main dental treatments to manage inflamed or infected root canal systems of teeth.」

「Complete sterilization of an infected root canal is an important challenge in endodontic treatment.」

「The subsequent root canal treatment is not able to remove all the pathogens, and a small number of viable bacteria remain in the dentine tubules, which must be sealed by endodontic sealers.」

「Different adjunct methods have been proposed to reduce microorganisms during endodontic treatment.」

「Furthermore, convincing evidence supports that successful root canal treatment has a beneficial impact on systemic health by reducing the inflammatory burden, thereby dismissing the misconceptions of focal infection theory.」

「Dental root canal treatment is required when dental caries progress to infection of the dental pulp.」

「The success of endodontic treatment therapy depends on how well we eliminate pathogenic microflora from the root canal system as micro organism as the major cause of root canal infection.」

「The objective of root canal treatments (RCTs) is to control pulpal diseases and salvage infected teeth by eradicating microorganisms within the root canal system.」

「(i) Periodontal therapy and a stringent SPC are effective in maintaining most of the teeth in patients with moderate/advanced periodontitis for 30 years, and (ii) age, gender, molar teeth, pocket depth, bone loss, and the presence of a root canal treatment and a crown are prognostic factors associated with tooth loss.」

「Despite successful root canal treatment, if the majority of bone support has been lost from periodontitis, the tooth may have a poor prognosis.」

「The emphasis of this report is to highlight the importance of integrating various specialties such as periodontics, orthodontics, endodontics, and restorative dentistry toward a common goal of improving the patient's oral health, function, and esthetics.」

「重度牙周炎造成的牙松动、移位常伴（牙合）创伤，而持续的（牙合）创伤又可进一步加剧牙松动。牙周联合正畸早期介入治疗可起到固定松动牙、便于去除菌斑、控制炎症的目的。在牙周再生性手术修复牙槽骨缺损过程中，可通过正畸压入移动获得角形骨缺损，为牙周再生手术创造有利条件。本文报道1例牙周联合正畸早期介入治疗重度牙周炎松动牙的全过程，纵向观察4年，在保存重度牙周炎松动牙、恢复牙周组织健康、重建咬合功能等方面均效果满意，为牙周联合正畸保存天然牙提供临床思路。.」

「A 17-year-old female patient seeking fixed orthodontic treatment presented with the left mandibular first molar tooth (36) having hopeless periodontal prognosis with advanced primary periodontal and secondary endodontic lesion, grade III mobility, and grade II furcation involvement.」

「He was treated with an interdisciplinary therapeutic protocol that included nonsurgical periodontal therapy based on strict control of supragingival plaque, subgingival periodontal therapy, orthodontic and endodontic treatment, and replacement of restorations.」

「Reasons for extraction were recorded as follows: caries, periodontal disease, endodontic treatment complications, orthodontic treatment, impactions, trauma, pre-prosthetic, and others (esthetic reasons, tooth malposition, or unspecified reasons).」

「Because of the patient's age, collaboration among periodontic, endodontic, and orthodontic residents/specialists informed the clinical decision to pursue non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) rather than extraction.」

「Tooth extraction is indicated in cases such as chronic periodontal disease, abscess, root caries, root stumps, fractured teeth, and failed root canal treatments with the persistence of periapical cysts or granulomas, impacted teeth, or to facilitate orthodontic or prosthodontic rehabilitation.」

「In patients with advanced periodontal disease, pathological tooth migration may occur, which may require subsequent orthodontic treatment for both aesthetic and functional purposes.」

「They result in both quantitative and qualitative changes in dental plaque, exposing orthodontic patients to dental caries and periodontal diseases.」

「During the orthodontic treatment, children with dentoalveolar anomalies are at high risk of dental caries and periodontal disease.」

「According to data provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), malocclusions represent the third most widespread oral health problem, after dental caries and periodontal diseases.」

「Fixed appliances, functional devices and, more recently, clear aligners have been associated with several oral health conditions, including enamel demineralization, dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis and root and bone resorption.」

「Dental therapy involved the control of dental caries, periodontal disease, and opportunistic fungal infections and the use of fluoride-rich solutions.」

「Current evidence indicates that patients with stage IV periodontal disease can safely proceed with orthodontic treatment following active periodontal therapy.」

「However, the early stage caries, a most common complication in patients receiving orthodontic treatment using fixed appliances, has become a serious challenge to the prevention of dental caries and the esthetic outcome of orthodontic treatment.」

「Malocclusion is one of the most serious oral problems following dental caries and periodontal disease.」

「The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of orthodontic malocclusion with periodontal status, dental caries, and sociodemographic status.」

「Sixty-four percent of persons had periodontal disease, 21% had severe periodontal disease, and 29% had dental caries.」

「Periodontitis is a persistent polymicrobial infection, which leads to chronic inflammation in the tooth supporting tissues.」

「Periodontitis are infectious diseases characterized by immune-mediated destruction of periodontal supporting tissues and tooth loss.」

「Several microbial agents, mostly bacteria, have been identified as causative factors for periodontal disease.」

「Periodontal diseases are inflammatory diseases caused by oral pathogens around the periodontal supporting tissues, leading to systemic and chronic inflammatory conditions.」

「According to the new classification proposed by the recent 2017 World Workshop on Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions, periodontitis, necrotizing periodontal diseases, periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases, and systemic diseases or conditions affecting the periodontal supporting tissues, are considered as separate entities.」

「Basically trauma from occlusion has been correlated with periodontal pockets in view of the fact that these would render the periodontal supporting tissues more amenable to the spread of inflammation of biofilm-related periodontal pockets.」

「Although the current treatment of periodontal disease can achieve good control of inflammation, it is difficult to regenerate the periodontal supporting tissues to achieve a satisfactory therapeutic effect.」

「Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by progressive destruction of the periodontal supporting tissues and is strongly associated with shifts in the oral microbiota.」

「Periodontal disease (PD), or periodontitis, is defined as a bacterially induced disease of the tooth-supporting (periodontal) tissues.」

「Periodontitis represents a chronic bacterial infection that induces immuno-inflammatory conditions affecting gingiva and tooth-supporting tissues.」

「Was to assess the hemodynamics in the pulp of supporting teeth before and after their preparation for ceramic and metal-ceramic crowns.」

「It is proposed that a non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) based solid geometric model of a ceramic crown would be a flexible and quick approach to virtually simulate root canal access cavities.」

「Fixed single prosthesis (dental crown) can be fabricated with different types of prosthetic restorative materials like Metal, Ceramic, Ceramic fused to metal.」

「The 2014 cohort had overall higher grades and particularly higher grades for the all-ceramic crown preparations.」

「After another four months, definitive gold ceramic crowns were cemented on prefabricated titanium abutments.」

「Key words:Adhesive cement, dental bridgework, dental cements, dental crowns, dental porcelain, prostheses and implants.」

「One study demonstrated that fully digitally produced dental crowns revealed the feasibility of the process itself; however, the marginal precision was lower for lithium disilicate (LS2) restorations (113.8 μm) compared to conventional metal-ceramic (92.4 μm) and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) crowns (68.5 μm) (p < 0.05).」

「This paper reports the clinical case of a patient who sought dental care for a full metal-ceramic crown with a cast metallic core with reduced length that had been detached from tooth 24.」

「In addition, the use of the above complex allows you to keep the teeth used for supporting the non-removable one-piece-cast design denture, vital and thus prevent possible fractures of the crowns of natural teeth, and thus extend the terms of use of these structures.」

「Metal ceramic crowns provided in private practice settings show good longevity.」

「Tooth whitening is a cosmetic dental treatment that improves the color of natural teeth, making them whiter and brighter; this review aimed to evaluate the greater effectiveness of in-office, at-home, and combined bleaching with hydrogen or carbamide peroxide, also in relation to possible relapses and side effects (tooth sensitivity).」

「Aim: To determine the factors associated with indication of tooth whitening during orthodontic treatment.」

「This review presents the main agents used for tooth whitening, existing clinical protocols, and the structural changes that may occur through their use.」

「Tooth bleaching was assessed using CIE76 (ΔEab ) and CIEDE2000 (ΔE00 ) formulas and by whitening and bleaching index score changes.」

「The appearance and colour of teeth are a common concern for patients across many populations and are associated with an increased desire for treatments that improve dental aesthetics, including tooth whitening.」

「Products for tooth whitening (or tooth color maintenance) that improve smile esthetics have become increasingly popular due to their easy accessibility and low cost.」

「The data also show that specific light sources may boost the efficacy of tooth bleaching operations, warranting a personalised strategy depending on the light's performance over time.」

「The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of adding sodium fluoride (NaF) to the in-office bleaching gel on bleaching sensitivity (BS) and tooth whitening.」

「This review integrated the current literature on diffusion of whitening agents, their interactions with stain molecules, and changes to the surface, with the aim of establishing a better understanding of the mechanism underlying tooth whitening.」

「Following changes in the EU regulations, it became legal for bleaching to be undertaken by dentists and their trained team.」

「No specific data is available assessing endodontic treatment quality in children.」

「This cross-sectional analysis forms part of a retrospective service evaluation of the technical quality and clinical outcome of orthograde root canal treatment carried out in the Paediatric Dentistry Department of Charles Clifford Dental Hospital (United Kingdom).」

「CONCLUSION: Considering the limitations of this umbrella review, sealants are more effective for caries prevention in children's permanent molars compared to no treatment.」

「Overfilling (n = 52), underfilling (n = 93), unfilled (n = 46), inhomogeneously filled (n = 113) root canals and poor coronal restoration (n = 85 teeth) were observed in terms of technical failures of endodontic treatment.」

「To evaluate the clinical effect of fluoride releasing flowable resin used in treatment of early enamel caries of children compared with conventional sealant.」

「Root canal treatment performed with iodoform-containing root canal filling material accelerates root resorption in root canal-treated primary molars compared with homologous teeth without endodontic treatment.」

「The treatment plan included the preventive procedures followed by root canal treatment and composite restoration with the right permanent maxillary lateral incisor.」

「This specialty is utilized for identification of individuals through visual, clinical, and radiographic interpretation of sound and caries involved teeth, eruption sequence of teeth, shedding sequence of teeth, tooth calcification and maturation, fracture of teeth, root canal therapy, type of restorations and dental crowns and bridges, pit and fissure sealants, appliances, oral and maxillofacial pathologies and associated syndromes and injuries of teeth and tooth mark examination.」

「Pulpotomy is a proven treatment option for permanent teeth with pulp involvement, showing high success rates similar to root canal treatment.」

「This large-scale nationwide cohort study indicated that the sealant treatment in children aged 6-7 years significantly reduced the risk of caries-related treatments (pulpotomy and pulp capping, endodontic treatment, and tooth extraction) by at least 40% during the 10-year follow-up period.」

「This study aimed to analyze the clinical application and prognosis of minimally invasive tooth extraction techniques for maxillary third molars.」

「The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze pain in the adjacent tooth after surgical extraction of the mandibular third molar.」

「This technique will not only reduce the difficulty of tooth extraction but also reduce the risk of damage to the surrounding soft and hard tissues, especially damage to the inferior alveolar nerve.」

「Bone samples were harvested from tooth extraction sites, whereas DC samples were obtained from the apical root portion of extracted third molars.」

「The objective of the retrospective study was to explore whether the use of a modified alveolar ridge preservation technique impacts osteogenesis on the distal surface of the second molar after mandibular third molar (M3) extraction.」

「Alveolar Bone loss occurs frequently during the first six months after tooth extraction.」

「Tooth extraction requires techniques that minimize tissue damage, yet alveolar bone fracture remains a common complication.」

「To evaluate the effect of socket preservation with bone substitute materials on alveolar bone resorption and prevention of the distal periodontal defect of the adjacent tooth after mandibular impacted third molar extraction compared with natural healing.」

「The most relevant eligibility criteria were (1) local application of HyA as adjunct to tooth extraction or as treatment of alveolar osteitis, and (2) reporting of clinical, radiographic, histological, or patient-reported data.」

「The impacted mandibular third molars of all patients were closely related to the mandibular canal, and part of the dental tissue entered the mandibular canal.」

「Clear aligners are a promising option for orthodontic treatment.」

「Thirty adults who completed orthodontic treatment either with fixed appliances, clear aligners, or direct-to-consumer clear aligners were recruited.」

「Correcting malocclusions with controlled dental displacement is one of the objectives of orthodontic treatment.」

「The use of clear aligners is gaining popularity among orthodontists as well as other dental professionals worldwide.」

「The subjects received orthodontic treatment with clear aligners.」

「To evaluate differences between orthodontists and general dentists in experience with clear aligners (CA), patients' demand and perception, types of patients, and malocclusion treated with CA and to compare the two groups of clinicians not using CA in their practice.」

「Clear aligners and traditional braces are two popular orthodontic treatments, each offering unique benefits.」

「Our method significantly speeds up the clear aligner planning process, creating the desired motion paths for a full set of teeth in under five minutes-a task that typically requires several hours of manual work.」

「Clear aligners have become a popular orthodontic treatment option due to their esthetic appeal.」

「The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to survey orthodontic clear aligner therapy (CAT) practices among orthodontists in Australia.」